Trade Value through Border Crossings
The value of trade passing through the Kurdistan Region's border crossings fluctuated over the 2019–2025 period. Trade was valued at IQD 31.01 trillion in 2019 before declining to IQD 28.04 trillion in 2020. It recovered to approximately IQD 33.80 trillion in 2021 and remained relatively stable at around IQD 33.6–33.7 trillion during 2022 and 2023. Trade activity reached its highest level in 2024, totaling IQD 41.24 trillion, before dropping significantly to IQD 25.85 trillion in 2025.
Customs Revenue
Customs revenue followed a similar pattern. Total collections were IQD 1.38 trillion in 2019, decreased to IQD 1.19 trillion in 2020, and recovered to approximately IQD 1.42 trillion in both 2021 and 2023. Revenue reached its highest level of IQD 1.64 trillion in 2024, followed by a notable decline to IQD 1.09 trillion in 2025.
Customs Revenue by Governorate
Throughout the 2019–2025 period, Duhok Governorate consistently generated the largest share of customs revenue, accounting for between 46% and 57% of the regional total. Sulaymaniyah (including Garmian) ranked second, contributing roughly 27%–37%, while Erbil Governorate accounted for approximately 14%–19%.
In 2025, customs revenue totaled IQD 1.09 trillion, distributed as follows:
Duhok: IQD 622.47 billion (57.10%)
Sulaymaniyah and Garmian: IQD 309.78 billion (28.42%)
Erbil: IQD 157.88 billion (14.48%)
Overall, the data indicate that while both trade volumes and customs revenues generally remained stable between 2021 and 2024—with a marked increase in 2024—both experienced a substantial decline in 2025. Duhok remained the dominant contributor to customs revenue throughout the entire period.
